Liberal Arts in Russia EN-rus logo
russian flagRussian
ISSN 2305-8420 (Print)
ISSN 2312-6442 (Online)
Current Issue

Paraphrase of the evangelical Parable of the Sower in the story of A. I. Kuprin “Garnet Bracelet”. Article 1. The character of Zheltkov as an allusion to Jesus Christ and the Sower

Liberal Arts in Russia. 2024. Vol. 13. No. 1. Pp. 34-51.
Get the full text (Русский)
Zhukova Yu. A.
Bashkir State Pedagogical University named after M. Akmullah
3a October Revolution Street, 450008 Ufa, Republic of Bashkortostan, Russia
Email: zhukova75@mail.ru

Abstract

In the article an attempt is made of a comparative analysis of the image of the protagonist of A. I. Kuprin’s story “Garnet Bracelet” and the gospel Sower, who, from the theological point of view, is the Lord Jesus Christ Himself, and from the point of view of Christ, “the one who sows the good seed is the Son of Man” (Matthew 13:37). Other constructively significant images for the parable, such as seed, soil and fruit, organically fit into the structure of the story. Their artistic reception corresponds to the traditional allegorical many respects with the Orthodox iconographic canon of Jesus Christ. The semantics of color, light, geography and geometry of space in the story is the same as in icon painting. This is an evidence by the results of a comparison of a literary work with the icons “The Savior in Strength,” “Uncreated Light,” “Burning Bush” and “Don’t Cry Mene Mati.” They confirm the idea that the writer “constructed” the image of the protagonist as a person who “paints an icon, seeing the true Image of God,” and his story of “eternal exceptional love,” which “repeats once in a thousand years.” This is the “icon,” which, if we keep in mind the reader’s reception, “creates a person, reminding him of the image of God hidden in him.” Therefore, we can talk about the parable, didactic-allegorical nature of the content of the “Garnet Bracelet,” which was conceived by the author not so much as a hymn of love, even Christian, but as a story of a person’s spiritual transformation, his “deification,” that is, his finding of the God and assimilation to Christ as the highest ideal.

Keywords

  • • gospel parable
  • • Jesus Christ
  • • sower
  • • seed
  • • symbol
  • • allegory
  • • plot about the mad sage
  • • paraphrase
  • • creative reception
  • • iconographic canon

References

  1. Averintsev S. S. Kratkaya literaturnaya entsiklopediya: v 9 t. Moscow: Sovet-skaya entsiklopediya, 1971. Vol. 6. Stb. 20-21.
  2. Blessed Theophylact of Bulgaria. Blagovestnik: v 4 t. [Evangelist^ in 4 volumes]. Moscow: Izd-vo Sretenskogo monastyrya, 2013. Vol. 1.
  3. Gabdullina V. I. Kul'tura i tekst: sb. nauch. tr. Literaturovedenie. Sankt-Peterburg, 1998. Pt. 1. Pp. 158-164.
  4. Gasparov M. L. Basni Ezopa. Moscow: Nauka, 1968. Pp. 241-269.
  5. Grishina A. B. Lichnost' i tvorchestvo A. I. Kuprina v kontekste russkoi kul'tury XX-XXI vv.: materialy Vserossiiskoi NPK. 5-6 sentyabrya 2013 g., g. Penza. Penza: Izd-vo PGU, 2013. Pp. 17-21.
  6. Darakchi M. I. Filologicheskii klass. 2012. No. 4(30). Pp. 110-115.
  7. Desnitskii A. S. Vvedenie v bibleiskuyu ekzegetiku [Introduction to Biblical Exegesis]. Moscow: Izd-vo PSTGU, 2011.
  8. Dovgii O. L. "Vysokii lad, glubokii mir": mezhdu realizmom i postmodernizmom. Siedlce: Instytut Kultury Regionalnej i Badań Literackich im. Franciszka Karpińskiego, 2018. Pp. 276-294.
  9. Esaulov I. A. Ikona i obraz, ikonichnost' i slovesnost': sbornik statei. Ed. V. Lepakhina. Moscow: Palomnik, 2007. Pp. 198-221.
  10. Efrem Sirin. Tvoreniya: Slovo o Sude i Voskresenii. URL: https://azbyka.ru/otechnik/Efrem_Sirin/tvorenia/86.
  11. Zhirkova M. A. Problemy istoricheskoi poetiki. 2022. Vol. 20. No. 1. Pp. 275-295.
  12. Zhitiya svyatykh na russkom yazyke, izlozhennye po rukovodstvu Chet'ikh-Minei svyatogo Dmitriya Rostovskogo: v 12 kn. [Lives of saints in Russian, written according to the guidance of menology of St. Dmitry of Rostov: in 12 volumes]. Moscow: Knizhnoe delo, 2003. Kn. VI.
  13. Hilarion of Volokolamsk. Iisus Khristos: zhizn' i uchenie: v 6 kn. [Jesus Christ: life and teaching: in 6 volumes]. Moscow: Poznanie: izd-vo Sretenskogo monastyrya, 2019. Kn. 4.
  14. Kamchatnov A. M. Stikhotvorenie Pushkina "Svobody seyatel' pustynnyi..." i evangel'skaya pritcha o seyatele. URL: https://www.academia.edu/11687919/Stikhotvorenie_Pushkina_Svobody_seyatel'_pustynnyi_i_evangel's​kaya_pritcha_o_seyatele.
  15. Kasatkina T. A. Dostoevskii i mirovaya kul'tura. Filologicheskii zhurnal. 2020. No. 2(10). Pp. 95-115.
  16. Kvlividze N. V. Pravoslavnaya entsiklopediya: v 64 t.. Ed. Aleksiya II. Moscow: Tserkovno-nauch. tsentr "Pravoslavnaya entsiklopediya". Vol. 21. 2009. Pp. 705-713.
  17. Kosharnaya S. A. Nauchnye vedomosti BelGU. Ser. Gumanitarnye nauki. 2008. No. 15. No. 2. Pp. 19-23.
  18. Kondakov N. P. Ikonografiya Gospoda Boga i Spasa nashego Iisusa Khrista [Iconography of the Lord God and our Savior Jesus Christ]. Sankt-Peterburg: Tovarishchestvo R. Golike i A. Vil'borg, 1905.
  19. Kuprin A. I. Poln. sobr. soch.: v 10 t. [Complete works: in 10 volumes]. Moscow: Voskresen'e, 2006-2007.
  20. Lepakhin V. V. Vestnik russkogo khristianskogo dvizheniya. 1995. No. 171. Pp. 30-42.
  21. Lotman Yu. M. Vremennik Pushkinskoi komissii. 1979. Leningrad: Nauka, 1982. Pp. 15-27.
  22. Mashchenko A. P. Evangel'skie pritchi v interpretatsii F. M. Dostoevskogo. URL: https://md-eksperimen​t.org/post/20181118-evangelskie-pritchi.
  23. Medvedeva I. N. Pushkin. Vremennik Pushkinskoi komissii. Moscow: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1941. No. 6. Pp. 51-71.
  24. Mokienko V. M. Zagadki russkoi frazeologii [Mysteries of Russian phraseology]. Sankt-Peterburg: Avalon, 2005.
  25. Nazirov R. G. Mezhdunarodnye literaturnye syuzhety i tipy [International literary plots and types]. Ufa: RITs BashGU, 2012.
  26. Nazirov R. G. Russkaya klassicheskaya literatura: sravnitel'no-istoricheskii podkhod. Issledovaniya raznykh let: sbornik statei. Ufa: RIO BashGU, 2005. Pp. 71-78.
  27. Nazirov R. G. Traditsii Pushkina i Gogolya v russkoi proze. Sravnitel'naya istoriya fabul: avtoref. dis. ... d-ra. filol. nauk. Ekaterinburg, 1995.
  28. Nikol'skaya T. M. Sotsial'no-ekonomicheskie yavleniya i protsessy. 2011. Pp. 300-319.
  29. Papernyi V. Z. Koran i Bibliya v tvorchestve A. S. Pushkina: sbornik statei. Ed. D. Segala, S. Shvartsbanda. Jerusalem: The Hebrew University, 2000. Pp. 133-148.
  30. Pakhareva T. A., Strokina S. P. Mif o yuge v proze A. I. Kuprina: posobie po spetskursu dlya studentov-filologov [The myth about the south in the prose of A. I. Kuprin: special course textbook for philology students]. Sevastopol': Veber, 2012.
  31. Pokrovskii N. V. Evangelie v pamyatnikakh ikonografii [The Gospel in iconographic monuments]. Moscow: Progress-Traditsiya, 2001.
  32. Potapov V. Evangel'skie pritchi [Gospel parables]. Vashington, 1995.
  33. Ranchin A. M. Slavia Orientalis. 2020. Vol. LXIX. No. 1. Pp. 33-46.
  34. Ranchin A. M. Novyi mir. 2020. No. 3. Pp. 161-172.
  35. Ratzinger J. (Pope Benedict XVI). Iisus iz Nazareta [Jesus of Nazareth]. Sankt-Peterburg: Azbuka-klassika, 2009.
  36. Romodanovskaya E. K. Evangel'skii tekst v russkoi literature XVIII-XX vekov. Tsitata, reministsentsiya, motiv, syuzhet, zhanr: sbornik nauchnykh trudov. Petrozavodsk: Izd-vo PetrGU, 1998. No. 2. Pp. 73-111.
  37. Svyatoe Evangelie s tolkovaniem svyatykh ottsov [Holy Gospel with interpretation of the Holy Fathers]. Moscow: Sintagma, 2010.
  38. Sergeev Yu. P. Sekrety ikonopisnogo masterstva [Secrets of icon painting skills]. Moscow: Yunyi khudozhnik, 2000.
  39. Stark V. P. Pushkin: Issledovaniya i materialy. Leningrad: Nauka, 1991. Vol. 14. Pp. 51-64.
  40. Strukova E. A. Izvestiya Ural'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta im. A. M. Gor'kogo. Seriya 2. Gumanitarnye nauki. 2007. No. 14. No. 53. Pp. 21-27.
  41. Toporov V. N. Mif. Ritual. Simvol. Obraz: Issledovaniya v oblasti mifopoeticheskogo: Izbrannoe. Moscow: Izdatel'skaya gruppa Progress - Kul'tura, 1995. Pp. 575-622.
  42. Florenskii P. A. Sochineniya: v 4 t. [Works: in 4 volumes] Moscow: Mysl', 2000. Vol. 3(2).
  43. Khrolenko A. T. Semantika fol'klornogo slova [Semantics of the folklore word]. Voronezh: Izd-vo Voronezh. un-ta, 1992.
  44. Tsyavlovskii M. A. Stat'i o Pushkine. Moscow: Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1962. Pp. 15-27.
  45. Yazykova I. K. Svyashchennoe Pisanie v ikone (na primere ikonografii "Spas v silakh" i nekotorykh drugikh izobrazhenii Khrista). URL: https://www.bible-center.ru/assetsfs/pdf/icons.pdf.
  46. Yazykova I. K. So-tvorenie obraza. Bogoslovie ikony [Co-creation of an icon. Theology of an icon]. Moscow: Izdatel'stvo BBI, 2012.
  47. Yazykova I. K. Istoriya ikonopisi VI-XX vv. Istoki, traditsii, sovremennost'. Moscow: IP Verkhov S. I., 2014. Pp. 9-28.