Urbanization in the modern world: a typological approach

The 21st century has been declared by the UN as the century of the “urbanized planet”. Thus, social and political philosophy is faced with a two-step professional task: to present a two-dimensional scenography of the nature of a) an urban place as a “systemic integrity”; b) the axiological foundations of the urbanization as a living space. Based on the established traditions of urbanization research, the author consistently analyzes the multi-dimensional models of the “ideal city”. The viewed megatrends of the urban landscape organization are reduced to models of “anthill cities”; “fortress cities”; “chaos cities”; “ghost towns”, “shop towns”, having a well-defined materialization. The main thing that needs to be clarified is how comfortable it is to live in a super-natural man-made area organized by man with its structure, logistics, migration order, contrasts, exchange of activities. Urbanism as a phenomenon of progressive civilization is subject to reflection from the standpoint of morphology, phenomenology, symbology. In this work, the anthropological aspects of the functioning of urban relief are emphasized through the prism of fulfilling the main practical tasks: cooperation of vital activity, materialization of human-intensive communication.